AlCoCrFeNiCux (X = 0−1 at.%) was prepared on the surface of copper alloy by infrared-blue light composite laser cladding technology to improve the surface properties of copper alloy current-carrying friction components and address the problems of low hardness, poor wear resistance, and high reflection of infrared laser. The microstructure, hardness, electrical properties, and current-carrying tribological properties of the high-entropy alloys (HEAs) were investigated, and the strengthening mechanism was analyzed. Results indicated that with the increase in copper content, the microstructure of the coating exhibited substantial refinement, and the physical phase was mainly composed of face-centered cubic, body-centered cubic, B2, AlNi3, and Al2Cu3 phases. The random grain orientation and the effect of grain refinement enhance the hardness of the HEAs. Meanwhile, the conductivity of AlCoCrFeNiCu1.0 exceeded 40% International Annealed Copper Standard. During the current-carrying friction process, mechanical and arc damage had a minimal effect on the HEAs when the copper content was X = 0.4, and the wear rate was only 0.48 × 10−5mm3/(N·m). In addition, different degrees of mechanical wear and arc erosion were observed in the AlCoCrFeNiCux HEAs.