This study presents a cost-effective, in-situ high-bandwidth microscope (HBM) integrated into a pin-on-disc tribometer for continuous, high-speed, high-resolution imaging of dynamic tribological phenomena occurring over extended durations. Demonstrations using PTFE/AISI 304 and PTFE/glass systems under varying humidity conditions highlight the HBM’s capabilities. In the PTFE/AISI 304 system, the HBM captures full-rotation wear tracks, enabling detailed visualisation of polymer transfer lump migration. In the PTFE/glass system, the transparent disc allows direct observation of the contact interface, facilitating the investigation of transfer film and wear debris formation. Comparing the two systems helps decouple the roles of adsorbed water and PTFE tribofilms in friction and wear reduction. Overall, this study showcases the HBM’s potential for resolving complex tribological phenomena in polymer-metal sliding systems.